Main Category: Stroke
Also Included In: Stem Cell Research
Article Date: 29 Aug 2013 – 0:00 PDT
The rats’ physical agility and neurological responses were tested before stroke and after treatment with the exosomes, and the results were compared.
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Systemic administration of exosomes released from mesenchymal stromal cells promote functional recovery and neurovascular plasticity after stroke in rats
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism advance online publication 21 August 2013; doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.152
The researchers induced stroke by occluding an artery in the brain of each rat to block blood flow for two hours. Twenty-four hours later, they injected the exosomes into a vein in each rat’s tail.
“All rats showed severe functional loss one day after treatment, but gradual and eventually significant improvement during the four-week period that followed,” Dr. Chopp says. “This discovery provides a novel treatment for stroke, and possibly other neurological diseases.”
In the latest in a series of experiments testing the use of stem cells to treat neurological disease, researchers at Henry Ford Hospital have shown for the first time that microscopic material in the cells offers a “robust” treatment for crippling stroke.
Henry Ford Health System. “Novel treatment for stroke and possibly other neurological diseases.” Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 29 Aug. 2013. Web.
29 Aug. 2013. <http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/265291.php>
The research team found that after inducing stroke in lab rats, injecting exosomes containing this genetic material into their blood prompted remodeling of the affected brain, including increased production of new brain cells, blood vessels and neural rewiring. Together, these effects significantly improved neurological function that had been impaired by stroke.
Dr. Chopp and Henry Ford researchers earlier found that the beneficial effects of treatment of stroke with bone marrow cells are attributed to their production and release of exosomes. In addition, using a similar treatment with exosomes from bone marrow stem cells significantly reduced a particularly resistant form of malignant brain tumor in living lab rats.
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